When and where does reduction division take place in the life cycle of a liverwort, a moss, a fern, a gymnosperm and an angiosperm?
Name three groups of plants that bear archegonia. Briefly describe the life cycle of any one of them.
Mention the ploidy of the following: protonemal cell of a moss; primary endosperm nucleus in dicot, leaf cell of a moss; prothallus cell of a ferm; gemma cell in Marchantia; meristem cell of monocot, ovum of a liverwort, and zygote of a fern.
Explain briefly the following terms with suitable examples:
(i) protonema
(ii) antheridium
(iii) archegonium
(iv) diplontic
(v) sporophyll
(vi) isogamy
Differentiate between the following:
Red algae and brown algae
Red algae and brown algae Red algae Brown algae:
Brown algae |
Red algae |
1. Major pigment is chlorophyll a, c and fucoxanthin. |
1. Major pigment is chlorophyll a, d and phycoerytherin. |
2. Mannitol and laminarin is the stored food. |
2. Floridean starch is the stored food. |
3. Cell wall is made up of cellulose and align. |
3. Cell wall is made up of cellulose, pectin and poly-sulphate esters. |
4. Flagella present |
4. Flagella absent |
5. Usually found in brackish water or slat water. |
5. Usually found in salt water and some in fresh water. |