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21. How will you find out whether a given plant is homozygous dominant or heterozygous dominant ? Explain

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22. A diploid organism is heterozygous for 4 loci, how many types of gametes can be produced ?

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23. Who proposed the chromosomal theory of inheritance ?

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24. What are the two causes of variations in DNA?

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25. What is the importance of variations ?

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26. How did Mendel make sure that the plants were true breeding ?

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27. Make a table showing characters of pea selected by Mendel.

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28. Mention the advantages of selecting pea plant for experiment by Mendel.

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(a)

Dominance	Recessive
1. When the allele expresses itself in both heterozygous as well as homozygous condition.	1. When the allele expresses itself only in homozygous condition.
2. The allele is unmodified and functional.	2. The allele is modified and non-functional.

(b)

Homozygous	Heterozygous
1.Condition where both the alleles of the gene are same.	1.Condition where the alleles are different.
2.The gametes formed from them are same.	2. The gametes formed from them are different.
eg. TT or tt	eg. Tt

(c)

Monohybrid	Dihybrid
1. When an individual is heterozygous for genes controlling one character it is called monohybrid	1. When an individual is heterologous for genes controlling two characters it is called dihybrid.
2. In F2 generation it produces a phenotypic ratio of 3:1.	2. In F2 generation it produces a phenotypic ratio of 9:3:3:1