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Sexual Reproduction in flowering Plants

Short Answer Type

71. Name all the haploid cells present in an unfertilized mature embryo sac of a flowering plant. Write the total number of cells in it.

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Long Answer Type

72.

Draw labelled structures of some selected seeds.

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Short Answer Type

73. Banana is a parthenocarpic fruit whereas oranges show polyembryony. How are they different from each other with respect to seeds ?

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Long Answer Type

74. What are the various adaptations in angiospermic flowers which favour cross-pollination ?
Or
Explain adaptations by which autogamy is prevented in flowering plants.

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75.

With a neat labelled diagram, describe the parts of a typical angiosperm ovule.

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Short Answer Type

76. Draw a longitudinal section of a post-pollinated pistil showing entry of pollen tube into a mature embryo sac. Label filiform apparatus, chalazal end, hilum, antipodals, male gametes and secondary nucleus

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Long Answer Type

77. Describe the structure of a typical monosporic embryo sac found in flowering plant.

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78. What do you mean by development of embryo? Support the answer with diagram.

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Short Answer Type

79.
Describe apomixis , parthenocarpy and polyembryony

Special modes of reproduction

1. Apomixis (Agamospermy). It is a modified form of reproduction in which seeds are formed without fusion of gametes. It includes the process whereby a diploid cell of nucellus develops into an embryo, giving a diploid seed with a genetic constitution identical to the parent. It is helpful in theproduction of hybrid seeds

2. Parthenocarpyis the condition where the fruits are formed without fertilization. Seedless varieties of gfruits can be obtained.

3. Polyembryony. Formation of more than one embryo in the seed. Lemon, oranges are some of examples. Polyembryony is very common among conifers.

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