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The Living World

Short Answer Type

1. Why are living organisms classified?

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2. Why are the classification systems changing every now and then?

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3. What different criteria would you choose to classify people that you meet often?

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4. What do we learn from identification of individuals and populations?

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Given below is the scientific name of Mango. Identify the correctly written name.

Mangifera Indica

Mangifera indica

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6. Define a taxon. Give some examples of taxa at different hierarchical levels.

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7. Can you identify the correct sequence of taxonomical categories?

(a) Species $bold rightwards arrow$ Order $bold rightwards arrow$ Phylum $bold rightwards arrow$ Kingdom
(b) Genus $bold rightwards arrow$ Species $bold rightwards arrow$ Order $bold rightwards arrow$ Kingdom
(c) Species $bold rightwards arrow$ Genus $bold rightwards arrow$ Order $bold rightwards arrow$ Phylum

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Try to collect all the currently accepted meanings for the word ‘species’. Discuss

with your teacher the meaning of species in case of higher plants and animals on one hand, and bacteria on the other hand.

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9. How is a key helpful in the identification and classification of an organism?

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Long Answer Type

10.
Illustrate the taxonomical hierarchy with suitable examples of a plant and an
animal.

Taxonomic hierarchy is the arrangement of various taxa in a hierarchical order. In the hierarchy, species is present at the lowest level whereas kingdom is present at the highest level.