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Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers

Short Answer Type

321. How will you convert phenol into Acetophenone?

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Long Answer Type

322. Draw resonating structures for phenol showing the correct position of positive and negative charges and then account for the following:

(i) The ring of phenol is more easily oxidised than that of benzene.

(ii) Phenol is nitrated more easily than benzene.

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Short Answer Type

323.
How is ethanol obtained commercially by fermentation process?

Ethanol is obtained commercially by the fermentations of sugar present in molasses, sugarcane, grapes or starch.
The suger is first converted into a mixture of glucose and fructose in the presence of an enzyme, invertase.

Glucose and fructose undergo fermentation in anaerobic conditions, in the presence of enzyme, zymase to form ethanol.

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Fill In the Blanks

324.

Solubility of alcohol in water is due to ________.

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325. Phenol is acidic because of resonance stabilization of its conjugate base, namely ___________

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326. Aliphatic ethers are purified by shaking with a solution of ferrous salt to remove __________ which are formed on prolonged standing in contact with air.

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