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Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

Short Answer Type

51. Write the structures of compound A and B in the following reaction:

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52. Prepare propanone from an alkyne with same number of carbon atom.

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53. Ethanal is more soluble in water than ethyl chloride. Explain.

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54. Why is butanone less volatile than ethoxy ethane?

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55. What is the correct order of increasing boiling point?
I: CH₃CH₂CH₂OH,
II:CH₃CH₂OCH₃,
III:CH₃CH₂CHO,
IV:CH₃CH₂CH₃.

Propanol are associated due to extensive intermolecular hydrogen bonding, therefore, the boiling point of butan-1-ol would be the highest. Butanal is more polar than ethoxymethane. Therefore, the intermolecular dipole- dipole attraction is stronger in the former. n- propane molecule is have only weak van der waals forces. Hence increasing order of boiling point of the given compounds is as follows:

CH₃CH₂CH₃< CH₃CH₂OCH₃< CH₃CH₂CHO < CH₃CH₂CH₂OH