Multiple Choice QuestionsWhich of the following products are obtained by anaerobic respiration from yeast?
Alcohols
CO2
Beer and Wine
All of the above
D.
All of the above
Anaerobic Respiration is a process in which organisms produce energy in absence of oxygen. During anaerobic respiration, pyruvic acid forms ethyl alcohol (C2H5OH) and CO2. This process is known as fermentation.
At high altitude, RBC's of human blood will
increase in number
decrease in number
decrease in size
increase in size
A.
increase in number
At altitude the partial pressure of the oxygen decreases in atmosphere so there is less oxygen available to carry out respiration. In order to compensate the cellular oxygen demand, the body increases the amount of RBC present to trap as many oxygen molecules as possible.
Assertion : Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) originated in China.
Reason : China is the most populated country of the world.
If both Assertion and Reason are true and the reason is the correct explanation of the assertion
If both Assertion and Reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion
If Assertion is true statement but Reason is false
If both Assertion and Reason are false statements
B.
If both Assertion and Reason are true but the reason is not the correct explanation of the assertion
SARS or Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome is a severe acute type of 'atypical pneumonia'. It is caused by metapneumo virus (a type of corona virus). It was first reported by WHO in China (Beijing, Guangdong, HongKong, Taiwan etc.) Though China is the most populated country of the world, it is not directly responsible for the origin of SARS. The killer pneumonia virus is responsible for SARS origin.
What will be the number of Calvin cycles to generate one molecule of hexose?
4
6
8
9
B.
6
Six turns of the Calvin cycle result in the production of one molecule of glucose.
The vital capacity of lungs is equal to
4000 ml
5000 ml
6000 ml
7000 ml
B.
5000 ml
The vital capacity is the maximum amount of air that can be expelled from lungs by forced exhalation after a forced inhalation. It is equal to the sum of tidal volume (TV), inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) and expiratory reserve volume (ERV).
VC= TV+ IRV+ ERV
= 500 + 3000 + 1100
=4600 ml
During anaerobic conditions, the rate of glycolysis increases, is called
compensation point
extinction point
Warburg effect
Pasteur effect
D.
Pasteur effect
The rate of glycolysis increases because in anaerobic respiration the rate of ATP production is 2ATP per glucose mol. while in aerobic it is 38ATP per glucose so to compensate the increased ATP demand the rate of glycolysis increases.
The majority of carbon dioxide produced by our body cells is transported to the lungs
dissolved in the blood
as bircarbonates
as carbonates
as carbonates
B.
as bircarbonates
In our body, the blood transports the CO2 in three ways:
(i) Majority of carbon dioxide produced (70%) in our cells is transported in the form of bicarbonates. In this way first, the CO2 that dissolves in blood plasma reacts with water forming carbonic acid which dissociates into hydrogen and bicarbonate ions.
(ii) About 7% of all the CO2 of transported by blood from tissues to the lungs is in dissolved state in plasma.
(iii) About 23% of CO2, collected from cells through tissue fluids, is transported by blood in the form of carbamino compound, carbamino-haemoglobin (CO2HHb).
People living at sea level have around 5 million RBC per cubic millimeter of their blood whereas those living at an altitude of 5400 metres have around 8 million. This is because at high altitude:
people get pollution-free air to breathe and more oxygen is available
atmospheric O2 level is less and hence more RBCs are needed to absorb the required amount of O2 to survive
there is more UV radiation which enhances RBC production
there is more UV radiation which enhances RBC production
B.
atmospheric O2 level is less and hence more RBCs are needed to absorb the required amount of O2 to survive
At high altitudes, the atmospheric O2 level is less and hence, more RBCs are needed to absorb the required amount of O2 to survive. That is why, the people living at sea level have around 5 million RBC/mm3 of their blood whereas those living at an altitude of 5400 meters have around 8 million RBC/mm3 of their blood.
The respiratory centre in the brain is stimulated by
CO2 concentration in venous blood
O2 concentration in artery blood
CO2 concentration in artery blood
O2 concentration in venous blood
C.
CO2 concentration in artery blood
Respiratory centre controls rhe rate of respiration. It is located in medulla oblongata and pons. It has the following components:
(i) Inspiratory area
(ii) Pneumotaxic area
(iii) Expiratory area
(iv) Chemosensitive area
Chemoreceptors located on carotid and aortic bodies are sensitive to carbon dioxide levels in arterial blood. They send information to respiratory centre. Oxygen does not have a significant direct effect on the respiratory centre of the brain.
In respiration from 180g of glucose which of the following is formed?
264gm CO2 + 190gm H2O + 391 Kcal
264gm CO2 + 108gm H2O + 686 Kcal
390gm CO2+ 108gm H2O + 686 Kcal
390gm CO2 + 264gm H2O + 391 Kcal
B.
264gm CO2 + 108gm H2O + 686 Kcal
In respiration from 180 gm of glucose, 264 gm CO2 + 108 gm H2O + 686 Kcal energy is formed.
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 +6H2O + 686 Kcal.
Atomic weight of C = 12; H = 1 and O = 16
C6H12O6 = (12 x 6 + 12 x 1 + 16 x 6) = 180 gm
6CO2 = 6 (12 + 16 x 2) = 264 gm
6H2O = 6 (2 x 1 +16) = 108 gm
Therefore, 1 molecular or 180 gm of glucose, through respiration, 264 gm CO2, 108 gm H2O and 686 Kcal energy are formed.
