Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production

In honey bees, royal jelly is secreted from pharyngeal gland of the workers. First two days all larvae of queen bees regularly fed on royal jelly.

Somaclonal variations is the variation seen in plants that have been produced by plant tissue culture. Chromosomal rearrangements are an important source of this variation. It could be genotypic or phenotypic.

Any viable somatic cell of a plant has the ability to form full fledged plants. This ability of plant cell is known as cellular totipotency. Therefore, it is defined as the ability of a single cell to divide and produce all of the differentiated cells in an organisms.

Genetic diversity in agricultural crop is threatened by the introduction of high yielding varieties as they heve the required traits and hence always are bred purely. This eliminates other crop/ variety from the pool.

The wild ass, once widely distributed north-western arid zone; now confined to Runn of Kutchchh and Pakistan. Indian Wild Ass Santuary is located in Gujarat state of India. It is spread over 4954 km². And it is the largest wildlife sanctuary in India.

Fish meal consists of wastes of fish oil or canning industry or from the whole fish of non-oil type. The protein content of this meal is highly digestable, nutritive and of biological importance. Fish meal is also used for domestic animals like pigs, poultry. cattle etc.

Queen is the only fertile female in beehive, having immensely developed ovaries. She lives for several successive years laying about 2000 or more eggs a day and upto about 1,500000 eggs during her life time. The queen has a remarkable capacity of controlling the fertilization of its eggs. A fertilized egg is laid in a worker or queen cell or honey comb, while an unfertilized egg in a drone cell, the latter develops parthogenetically. The queen mates only once in a life time. The sperms stored in her spermatheca fertilize her eggs as long as she lives.

Leucaena leucocephala is commonly known as subabool. It is a very fast growing leguminous plant and therefore is commonly used as social foresting species.

Fertilizers are chemical compounds applied to promote plant growth. They are either applied to the soil or by foliar feeding. They mainly increase the crop yield. Average yield per hectare has increased from 1.1 tons in 1950 to 2.3 tons in 1986 by the use of inorganic fertilizers.

Irrigation is very important in increasing crop productivity as water is an essential component of vital activities of a plant.

Sericulture is the cultivation of silkworms to produce silk.

Aquaculture is the farming of fish, crustaceans, molluscs, aquatic plants, algae and other organisms. Therefore, rearing of oyster, singhara and frog is mainly done by aquaculture.