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What is human development ? Analyse the four pillars of human development.
Human development is defined as the process of enlarging people's freedoms and opportunities and improving their well-being. Human development is about the real freedom which means that people must be healthy, be able to develop their talents, participate in society and be free to achieve their goals.The human development concept was developed by economist Mahbub ul Haq.
The four pillars of human development are:
- Equity: Equity refers to making equal access to opportunities available to everybody. The opportunities available to people must be equal irrespective of their gender, race, income and in the Indian case, caste.
- Sustainability: Sustainability means continuity in the availability of opportunities. To have sustainable human development, each generation must have the same opportunities. All environmental, financial and human resources must be used keeping in mind the future. Misuse of any of these resources will lead to fewer opportunities for future generations. In other words sustainable human development refers to developing the current generation using all the available resourses efficiently so that there is no shortage of resourses for the future generation.
- Productivity: Productivity means human labour productivity or productivity in terms of human work. Such productivity must be constantly enriched by building capabilities in people. Ultimately, it is people who are the real wealth of nations. Therefore, efforts to increase their knowledge, or provide better health facilities ultimately leads to better work efficiency.
- Empowerment: Empowerment means to have the power to make choices. Such power comes from increasing freedom and capability. Good governance and people-oriented policies are required to empower people. The empowerment of socially and economically disadvantaged groups is of special importance.
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