Subject

Sociology

Class

CBSE Class 12

Pre Boards

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Sample Papers

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CBSE Class 12 Sociology Solved Question Paper 2011

Short Answer Type

21.

What transformations took place in the rural society in post-Independent India?

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22.

What powers and responsibilities have been delegated to the Panchayats?

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23.

Give two examples of Dalit Movements.

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24.

Highlight the condition of migrant workers in industries by giving suitable examples.

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Long Answer Type

25.

If capitalism became the dominant economic system in the colonial period, nation-states became the dominant political form. Explain how this process took place.

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26.
Highlight the sources of conflict between national development and tribal development.

National development, particularly in the Nehruvian era, involved the building of large dams, factories and mines. As tribal areas were located in mineral-rich and forest covered parts of the country, tribals have paid a disproportionate price for the development of the rest of Indian society.
This kind of development has benefited the mainstream at the expense of the tribes. The process of dispossessing tribals of their land has occurred as a necessary byproduct of the exploitation of minerals and the utilisation of favourable sites for setting up hydroelectric power plants, many of which were in tribal areas.
The loss of the forests on which most tribal communities depended has been a major blow. Forests started to be systematically exploited in British times and the trend continued after Independence.
The coming of private property in land has also adversely affected tribals, whose community-based forms of collective ownership were placed at a disadvantage in the new system. Example: Narmada Dam.
Heavy in migration of non-tribal also threatens the tribals community and culture. This threatens to disrupt and overwhelm tribal communities and culture.

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