Genetics is the science of heredity and variations which includes study of the transmission of traits from parents to the offsprings and the occurrence of differences among the individuals.
Contribution of Mendel: Mendel did experiments on garden pea (Pisum sativum) and discovered the scientific principles, which govern patterns of inheritance i.e., the principle of inheritance. He explained that contrasting characters are controlled by units which he called ‘Factors’. Today, these factors are called genes. He gave the law of segregation and the law of independent assortment.
