How the Industrialisation and urbanisation in post-independent India have caused water scarcity?

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Post-independent India witnessed intensive industrialisation and urbanisation.

(i)This ever increasing number of industries has made matters worse by exerting pressure on existing freshwater resources.

(ii)Industries, apart from being heavy users of water, also require power to run them.

(iii)Moreover, multiplying urban centres with large and dense populations and urban lifestyles have not only added to water and energy requirements but have further aggravated the problem.

(iv)As the housing societies or colonies in the cities have their own groundwater pumping devices to meet their water needs.

(v)Not surprisingly, the fragile water resources are being over - exploited and have caused their depletion in several of these cities.