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What is the function of receptors in our body? Think of a situation where receptors do not work properly. What problems are likely to arise?

Function of receptors: Receptors are the specialised tips of some nerves. They are usually located in our sense organs like the nose, the inner ear, the tongue etc.
The function of receptors is to detect information from the environment.
For example, gustatory receptors detect taste while olfactoreceptors detect smell.
If receptors do not work properly, the information obtained from the environment will be delayed to reach the spinal cord or brain. In this situation, the response to the environmental stimulus be delayed causing harm to the body.
For exampe, touching a hot object is  dangerous situation. If receptors for the sensation of touch are not working properly , then the response may be delayed and we may get burnt.

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The gap between two neurons is called a 

  • dendrite
  • synapse

  • axon

  • impulse


B.

synapse

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Draw the structure of a neuron and explain its function.


Diagram of a neuron to show its structure:

Diagram of a neuron to show its structure:Fig. Structure of a neuronF
Fig. Structure of a neuron

Function: Dendrites of a neuron collect information from the receptors and pass it to the cell body in the form of electrical impulse. From the cell body impulse passes along the axon to its end. At end of the axon, the electrical impulse sets off the release of certain chemicals (chemical neurotransmitters). These cemicals cross the gap (synapse) between the endings of the axon and dendrites of the next neuron and start a similar electric impulse in the dendrites. Thus information received travels along the neurons of a nerve to the effector muscles or gland. On reaching to the desired muscle or gland, axon endings from Neuromuscular junction (synapse between axon endings and muscle cells) through which information delivered from neuron to muscles or glands.

Diagram of a neuron to show its structure:Fig. Structure of a neuronF
Fig. Neuromuscular junction

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The brain is responsible for

  • thinking

  • regulating the heart beat
  • balancing the body
  • all of the above


D.

all of the above

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How does phototropism occur in plants?

Phototropism is directional movement in which stem grows towards light stimulus and roots grow away from light.

Phototropism is directional movement in which stem grows towards ligh
Fig. Response of the plant to the direction of light
Explanation: When sunlight/light falls from one direction on the shoot, the growth hormone auxin diffuses towards the shady side of the shoot. This increased concentration of auxin stimulates the cells to grow longer on the shaded side of the shoot. This enchanced growth one side cause bending of shoot toward light.

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