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At 1127 K and 1 atm pressure, a gaseous mixture of CO and CO2 in equilibrium with solid carbon has 90.55% CO by mass
                       straight C left parenthesis straight s right parenthesis space plus space CO subscript 2 left parenthesis straight g right parenthesis space space rightwards harpoon over leftwards harpoon space 2 CO left parenthesis straight g right parenthesis
Calculate Kfor this reaction at the above example. 


If the total mass of the mixture of CO and CO2 is 100g. then the mass of CO=90.55g and mass of 
CO2= 100-90.55=9-45g

therefore,

Number of moles of CO= 90.55/28=3.23
Number of moles of CO= 9.45/44 =0.22



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At 473K, equilibrium constant Kfor decomposition of phosphorus pentachloride, PCl5 is 8·3 × 10–3. If decomposition is depicted as
PCl subscript 5 left parenthesis straight g right parenthesis space space rightwards harpoon over leftwards harpoon space space PCl subscript 3 left parenthesis straight g right parenthesis space plus space Cl subscript 2 left parenthesis straight g right parenthesis comma space space increment subscript straight r straight H to the power of 0 space equals space 124.0 space kJ space mol to the power of negative 1 end exponent
(a) write an expression for Kc for the reaction.
(b) what is the value of Kc for the reverse reaction at the same temperature?

(c) what would be the effect on K
c if:
(i) more PCl5 is added
(ii) pressure is increased
(iii) temperature is increased? 




(b) K
c for reverse reaction
    

(c)
(i) Kc remains unchanged when more PClis added.
(ii) When pressure is increased, Kc remains unchanged.
(iii) As given reaction is endothermic, on increasing the temperature, Af will increase.
As   will increase with the increase of temperature.

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Dihydrogen gas is obtained from natural gas by partial oxidation with steam as per following endothermic reaction:
CH subscript 4 left parenthesis straight g right parenthesis space plus space straight H subscript 2 straight O left parenthesis straight g right parenthesis space space leftwards harpoon over rightwards harpoon space CO left parenthesis straight g right parenthesis space plus space 3 straight H subscript 2 left parenthesis straight g right parenthesis
(a) Write an expression for Kp for the above reaction.
(b) How will the values of Kp and composition of equilibrium mixture be affected by:
(i) increasing the pressure
(ii) increasing the temperature
(iii) using a catalyst?



(a) 

(b)
(i) The value of Kp remains unchanged on increasing the pressure. According to Le Chatelier’s principle, equilibrium will shift in the backward direction.

(ii) In case of endothermic reactions the value of increases with the increase in temperature. According to Le Chatelier principle, equilibrium will shift in the forward direction.

(iii) Kp will remain undisturbed i.e. equilibrium composition will not be disturbed but equilibrium will be attained equally.However, in the presence of a catalyst, the equilibrium would be attained quickly.

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Predict which of the following reaction will have appreciable concentration of reactants and products:
left parenthesis straight a right parenthesis space Cl subscript 2 left parenthesis straight g right parenthesis space space space rightwards harpoon over leftwards harpoon space space space 2 Cl left parenthesis straight g right parenthesis comma space space straight K subscript straight C space equals space 5 space cross times space 10 to the power of negative 39 end exponent
left parenthesis straight b right parenthesis space Cl subscript 2 left parenthesis straight g right parenthesis space plus space 2 NO left parenthesis straight g right parenthesis space space space leftwards harpoon over rightwards harpoon space 2 NO subscript 2 Cl left parenthesis straight g right parenthesis comma space space straight K subscript straight c space equals space 3.7 space cross times space 10 to the power of negative 8 end exponent
left parenthesis straight c right parenthesis space Cl subscript 2 left parenthesis straight g right parenthesis space plus space 2 NO subscript 2 left parenthesis straight g right parenthesis space leftwards harpoon over rightwards harpoon space space 2 NO subscript 2 Cl left parenthesis straight g right parenthesis comma space space straight K subscript straight c space equals space 1.8


For reaction (c), as Kc is neither high nor very low, reactions and products will be present in comparable amounts.
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Describe the effect of:
(a) addition of H2
(b) addition of CH3OH
(c) removal of CO
(d) removal of CH3OH
on the equilibrium of the reaction:
      2 straight H subscript 2 left parenthesis straight g right parenthesis space plus space CO left parenthesis straight g right parenthesis space space rightwards harpoon over leftwards harpoon space space space CH subscript 3 OH left parenthesis straight g right parenthesis


(a) According to Le-Chatelier’s principle, equilibrium will shift in the forward direction.

(b) According to Le-Chatelier’s principle, equilibrium will shift in the backward direction.

(c) According to Le-Chatelier’s principle, equilibrium will shift in the backward direction.

(d) According to Le-Chatelier’s principle, equilibrium will shift in the forward direction.

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