How do cytokine barriers provide innate immunity in humans?
Cytokine inhibits viral replication. They form an innate immune system by forming physical barriers.
Cytokine barriers: Virus-infected cells secretes proteins call interferons which protect non-infected cells from further viral infection.
Name a human disease, its causal organism, symptoms (any three) and vector, spread by intake of water and food contaminated by human faecal matter.
Amoebic dysentry [Amoebiasis]
* Causal Organism : - Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoa.
* Symptoms : - (a) Abdominal pain (b) Constipation (c) Cramps.
* Vector : - Housefly.
Name two diseases whose spread can be controlled by the eradication of Aedes mosquitoes.
Dengue and Chikungunya are the two disease whose spread can be controlled by the eradication of Aedes mosquitoes.
Mention one application for each of the following : (a) Passive immunization (b) Antihistamine (c) Colostrum (d) Cytokinin-barrier
(a) Passive Immunization : - When ready made antibodies are introduced into the body, it is called as passive immunization. It provides quick immune response in body.
(b) Anti Histamines : - These are the chemicals which are given against allergic reactions.
(c) Colostrum : - It is the yellow fluid produced during the initial days of lactation. It is rich in antibodies and is necessary to develop resistance in a new born baby.
(d) Cytokinin-Barrier : - is Interferon. These are the glycoproteins which protect non-infected cells from further viral infection.
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