21.

Describe any three economic hardships faced by Europe in the 1830s.  
 

OR

Describe any three problems faced by the French in the sphere of education in Vietnam.  

Great economic hardships were experienced in Europe.

• The ratio of the rise of population was larger than that of employment generation.
•  Migration of rural population to cities led to overcrowded slums.
• Small producers in towns (especially textile producing industries) were often ousted by the import of cheap machine-made goods from England.

• Widespread food shortages and widespread unemployment experienced in Paris.
• Barricades were made and Louis Philippe was forced to flee.
• National Assembly proclaimed a Republic.
• Suffrage to all males above 21 was granted.

• Weavers revolted against contractors for the drastic reduction in their payments.
• This revolution received scorns and threats alternately and resulted in the death of eleven weavers. 

OR

The problems faced by the French in the education sphere in Vietnam were:

a. The elites were highly influenced by the Chinese culture.

b. The French in order to establish their power had to demolish Chinese influence.

e. Few people could take admission in schools and few could pass the school leaving exams.