21.

Give one example of a condensation polymer. 

Write the equations involved in the following reactions:

(i) Reimer - Tiemann reaction

(ii) Williamson’s ether synthesis

Define thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers. Give one example of each.

What is a biodegradable polymer? Give an example of biodegradable aliphatic polyester.

Explain the mechanism of the following reaction: 

Shanti, a domestic helper of Mrs. Anuradha, fainted while mopping the floor. Mrs. Anuradha immediately took her to the nearby hospital where she was diagnosed to be severely ‘anaemic’. The doctor prescribed an iron rich diet and multivitamins supplement to her. Mrs. Anuradha supported her financially to get the medicines. After a month, Shanti was diagnosed to be normal.

(i) What values are displayed by Mrs. Anuradha?

(ii) Name the vitamin whose deficiency causes ‘pernicious anaemia’.

(iii) Give an example of a water soluble vitamin.

Write the main products of the following reactions: 

Give reasons for the following:

(i) Ethyl iodide undergoes S_N2 reaction faster than ethyl bromide.

(ii) (±) 2-Butanol is optically inactive.

(iii) C -X bond length in halo benzene is smaller than C -X bond length in CH₃- X.

(i) What class of drug is Ranitidine?

(ii) If water contains dissolved Ca²⁺ ions, out of soaps and synthetic detergents, which will you use for cleaning clothes?

(iii) Which of the following is an antiseptic?

0.2% phenol, 1% phenol

(a) State Raoult’s law for a solution containing volatile components.

How does Raoult’s law become a special case of Henry’s law?

(b) 1·00 g of a non-electrolyte solute dissolved in 50 g of benzene lowered the freezing point of benzene by 0·40 K. Find the molar mass of the solute. (K_f for benzene = 5·12 K kg mol^-1)