What is simultaneous and successive processing in intellectual functioning?
(i) The concepts are introduced by J.P. Das, Kirbi and Nagliery in their PASS model of intelligence.
(ii) Simultaneous Processing takes place when one perceives relations amongst various concepts and integrate them into meaningful patterns for comprehension.
(iii) For e.g., Raven's progressive matrices (RPM Test) — a design is presented from which a part has been removed. Subject has to choose one of the six options that appropriately complete the design.
(iv) Simultaneous processing helps in grasping the meaning and the relationship between the given variables.
(v) Successive Processing takes place when one is able to arrange all the information serially.
(vi) Each step in the series helps to understand the next step, i.e., one recall leads to another recall — e.g., learning of digits and letters and multiplication tables.
Explain ego defence mechanisms. illustrate with examples projection as a defence mechanism.