21.

A teacher found that a student is facing difficulty in drawing a square. He/she assumes that this student would also find it difficult to draw a diamond. Does he/She apply which of the following principles to arrive at his/her assumption?

• Development is gradual

• Development is different for different people

• Development tends to follow an orderly sequence

• Development is saltatory

Which one of the following statements is true regarding the role of heredity and environment in human development?

• The relative effects of heredity and environment vary in different areas of development

• The policy of compensatory discrimination of the Government of India is based on the role of 'nature' in human development

• The role of environment is almost fixed, whereas the impact of heredity can be altered

• The theories based on the 'behaviourism' are largely based on the role of 'nature' in human development

In the context of socialisation, schools often have a hidden curriculum which consists of

• negotiating and resisting socialisation of students through their families

• teaching and assessment of values and attitudes

• forcible learning, thinking and behaving in particular ways by imitating peers and teachers

• the informal cues about social roles presented in schools through interaction and materials

Which of the following implications cannot be derived from Piaget's theory of cognitive development?

• Discovery learning

• Need of verbal teaching

• Sensitivity to children's readiness to learn

• Acceptance of individual differences

Which of the following is a characteristic of Kohlberg's stages of moral development? 

• Universal sequences of stages across all cultures

• Stages proceed in a non-hierarchic manner

• Variable sequence of stages

• Stages are isolated responses and not general pattern

Teachers and students draw on one another's expertise while working on complex projects related to real world problems in _______ classroom.

• teacher-centric

• social-constructivist

• traditional

• constructivist

In the context of progressive education, the term 'equal educational opportunity' implies that all students should

• be provided an education by using the same methods and materials without any distinction

• be provided an education which is most appropriate to them and their future life at work

• receive equal education irrespective of their caste, creed, colour, region and religion

• be allowed to prove their capability after receiving an equal education

In the context of language development, which of the following areas was underestimated by Piaget?

• Ego-centric speech

• Active construction by the child

• Heredity

• Social interact

An 11 yr old child's score on Stanford Binet Intelligence Scale is 130. By assuming µ = 100 and $\mathrm{\sigma }$= 15 in a normal probability curve, calculate the percentage of 11 yr old children this child has scored better than.

• 78%

• 80%

• 98%

• 88%

Which of the following observations supports Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences?

• Different intelligences are hierarchical in nature

• Teachers should follow one specific theory of educational innovation at the time of designing instruction

• Damage to one part of the brain affects only a particular ability sparing others

• Intelligence is an interaction of analytical, creative and practical intelligences