11.

Which one of the following is a good example of 'scaffolding' (learning of a problem-solving task till the student is able to do it by herself)?

• Providing a half-solved example

• Telling her she cannot go home till she solves the problem

• Offering a reward for solving the problem quickly

•  Telling her that she can do it by trying again and again

Your class has learners with different learning styles. To assess them, you would give them

• a variety of tasks and tests

• the same time to perform on the tests

• a uniform set of instructions and subsequently label the children according to their marks in the test

• the same set of tasks and tests

Nowadays, there is a tendency to refer to 'wrong concepts' of children as 'alternative conceptions'. This could be attributed to

• using fancy terms to describe children's errors

• children being thought of as adult-like in their thinking

• children's understanding being nuanced and their being passive in their own learning

• recognition that children are capable of thinking and their thinking is different from that of adults

Which one of the following best describes a teacher's role in a middle school classroom?

• Providing opportunities for discussions

• Promoting students to compete amongst themselves for the first position

• Discouraging multiple perspectives and focusing on the uni-dimensional perspective

• Using Powerpoint presentations to give lectures

Which one of the following statements about motivation and learning is correct?

• Learning is effective only when the students have intrinsic motivation - a desire to learn from inside

• Learning is effective only when the students are extrinsically motivated - motivated by external factors

• Motivation does not have any role to play in learning

• Learning is effective only when the students are motivated using external rewards

Which one of the following statements about learning is correct?

• Learning is equivalent to acquisition of skills

• Learning is facilitated by social actions

• Learning is a passive receptive process

• Learning does not depend on learner's previous knowledge

Which one of the following is an important activity to enable children to learn?

• Lecture

• Instruction

• Reward

• Dialogue

Which one of the following statements about development is correct?

• Development occurs at a different rate among different individuals

• Development occurs at a very fast pace from birth till adolescence and then it stops

• Development proceeds from birth to adolescence in a forward manner and then it goes backwards

• Developmental changes go forward in a straight line

Middle childhood is the period from

• 2 yr to 6 yr

• 6 yr to 11 yr

• 10 yr onwards

• birth to 2 yr

"Environmental factors do not play any role in shaping an individual, since growth of each individual is determined by his genetic makeup." This statement is

• correct, since there have been several researches to prove that genetic material alone predicts an individual's development

• incorrect, since environmental factors contribute little in an individual's growth and development

• incorrect, since there have been several researches to prove that environment can have a major influence on development

• correct, since genetic makeup of an individual is very strong