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Biotechnology and Its Applications

Short Answer Type

41. What are ethical issues with genetic engineering?

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42. Explain the social, economical and environmental advantage of genetic engineering techniques.

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43. Write a short note on :

(a) Production of human growth hormone by E. coli.

(b) Animals as organ donors for humans.

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44. Explain the following terms in one or two sentences : intellectual property rights, humulin and biofortified foods.

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45. What are transgenic bacteria ? Illustrate using any one example.

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46. What are Cry proteins ?

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47.
Can you suggest a method to remove oil (hydrocarbon) from seeds based
on your understanding of rDNA technology and chemistry of oil?

The genes for the formation of glycerol or fatty acids which are the main constituents of oil, should be identified and removed from the seed by using enzyme restriction endonucleases. Such DNA molecule should then be treated with DNA ligases to join the broken ends. These cells when grown in a minimum nutrient medium, under aseptic conditions will differentiate into a new variety whose seeds will not have oil in them because the gene producing the oil has been removed.

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