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Breathing and Exchange of Gases

Short Answer Type

61. How does respiration fulfil the energy requirement of an organism ?

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Long Answer Type

62. Explain the different types of pulmonary volumes.

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63. Describe the mechanism of exchange of gases.

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64.

What is the role of diaphragm and inter costal muscles in breathing ?

Describe the mechanism of breathing.

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65. Discuss the transportation of oxygen.

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Short Answer Type

66. Differentiate between (a) Right and Left lung (b) Tracheoles and Bronchioles

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Long Answer Type

67. Comment upon the transportation of carbon-dioxide.

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Short Answer Type

68. Diffusion of gases occur in the alveolar region only and not in the other part of respiratory system, why ?

Alveoli have thin walls, have layer of mucus on inner side and have rich supply of blood. Each alveolus is made up of highly-permeable and thin layers. The barrier between the alveoli and the capillaries is thin and the diffusion of gases takes place from higher partial pressure to lower partial pressure. The pO₂ of blood is lesser than alveolar air and pCO₂ of blood is greater than alveolar air. Thus, alveoli support the diffusion of gase.
Since the other region do not provide the necessary conditions like thin and permeable membrane, difference in the partial pressure of the gases across the membrane etc., they do not supprt the diffusion of gases as alveoli.

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Long Answer Type

69.

Differentiate between :

(a) Anaerobic and aerobic respiration

(b) Combustion and respiration

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Multiple Choice Questions

70. What will be the pO₂ and pCO₂ in the atmospheric air compared to those in the alveolar air ?

(i) pO₂ lesser, pCO₂ higher
(ii) pO₂ higher, pCO₂ higher
(iii) pO₂ higher, pCO₂ higher
(iv) pO₂lesser, pCO₂ lesser.

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