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Breathing and Exchange of Gases

Short Answer Type

61. How does respiration fulfil the energy requirement of an organism ?

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Long Answer Type

62. Explain the different types of pulmonary volumes.

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63. Describe the mechanism of exchange of gases.

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64.

What is the role of diaphragm and inter costal muscles in breathing ?

Describe the mechanism of breathing.

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65. Discuss the transportation of oxygen.

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Short Answer Type

66. Differentiate between (a) Right and Left lung (b) Tracheoles and Bronchioles

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Long Answer Type

67. Comment upon the transportation of carbon-dioxide.

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Short Answer Type

68. Diffusion of gases occur in the alveolar region only and not in the other part of respiratory system, why ?

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Long Answer Type

69.
Differentiate between :
(a) Anaerobic and aerobic respiration

(b) Combustion and respiration

(a)

Anaerobic Respiration

Aerobic Respiration

Oxygen :

Water :

Occurrence :

Carbon dioxide :

Energy :

Examples :

Reaction :

Not required.

Not evolved.

Outside mitochondria

May or may not be released.

Provides less energy.

Yeasts, parasites, anaerobic bacteria.

Differentiate between :
(a) External and internal respiration (b) Anaerobic and aerobic respiration
(c) Combustion and respiration (d) Breathing and respiration

Required.

Evolved.

Inside mitochondria.

Always released.

Provides more energy.

Most of the plants and animals.

Differentiate between :
(a) External and internal respiration (b) Anaerobic and aerobic respiration
(c) Combustion and respiration (d) Breathing and respiration

(b)

Combustion

Respiration

It is a chemical process.

Uncontrolled process.

Energy released in single step.

ATP not formed.

Temperature becomes very high.

Intermediates not produced.

Enzymes not needed.

It is a biological process.

Under biological control.

Energy is released in stages.

ATP formed.

Temperature not very high.

Intermediates not produced.

Enzymes needed.

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Multiple Choice Questions

70. What will be the pO₂ and pCO₂ in the atmospheric air compared to those in the alveolar air ?

(i) pO₂ lesser, pCO₂ higher
(ii) pO₂ higher, pCO₂ higher
(iii) pO₂ higher, pCO₂ higher
(iv) pO₂lesser, pCO₂ lesser.

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