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Breathing and Exchange of Gases

Short Answer Type

71. Define vital capacity. What is its significance?

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Long Answer Type

72.

State the volume of air remaining in lungs after a normal breathing.

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Short Answer Type

73. What is the site of gaseous exchange in an insect ?

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74. What happens to respiratory process in man going up a hill ?

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75.

Distinguish between

(a) IRV and ERV.

(b)Inspiratory and expiratory capacity.

(c) Vital capacity and Total lung capacity.

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76. What are occupational respiratory Disorders.

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Long Answer Type

77.

What are the major transport mechanisms for CO₂
? Explain.

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Short Answer Type

78.

What is Tidal volume? Find out the Tidal volume (approximate value) for a healthy human in an hour.

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79.

Explain the process of inspiration under normal conditions.

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80.
What is the effect of pCO₂ on oxygen transport?

pCO₂has a major role in the transport of oxygen.
Low pCO₂ and high pO₂ favours the formation of haemoglobin. At the tissues, the high pCO₂ and low pO₂ favours the dissociation of oxygen from oxyhaemoglobin. Hence, the affinity of haemoglobin for oxygen is enhanced by the decrease of pCO₂ in blood. Therefore, oxygen is transported in blood as oxyhaemoglobin and oxygen dissociates from it at the tissues.