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Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Short Answer Type

51.

Explain Central Dogma of flow of information.

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52.

Give a schematic structure of transcription unit.

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Long Answer Type

53. Explain briefly transcription.

Transcription. The process by which DNA transcribes the information in coded form on mRNA is called transcription. It involves following steps :

(1)The RNA polmerase binds to the promoter and initiates the process of transcription. The DNA strand seperates and one of it functions as template for mRNA synthesis. It is synthesized in the 5’ → 3’ direction. The base pairing is specific A with U ; C with G.

(2) RNA polymerase polymerises the strand using nucleoside triphosphates as substrate.

(3) mRNA detaches when it reaches terminator region the latter restores its original double helical structure.

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54. What are retroviruses ? How has their discovery led to the modification of central dogma in molecular biology ?

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Short Answer Type

55. What is retrovirus ?

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Long Answer Type

56. What is genetic code ? List the properties of genetic code.

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57. What is RNA polymerase ? Write its functions.

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One Word Answers

58.

What is the full form of VNTR

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Short Answer Type

59. Suppose during transcription of DNA code AAA, a mistake occurs due to which UUG code of RNA is formed. Due to this what change in picking the type of amino acid would occur during synthesis of protein.

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60. What is the role of AUG?

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