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Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Short Answer Type

111.

Group the following as nitrogenous bases and nucleosides:
Adenine, Cytidine, Thymine, Guanosine, Uracil and Cytosine.

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112.

Depending upon the chemical nature of the template (DNA or RNA) and the nature of nucleic acids synthesised from it (DNA or RNA), list the types of nucleic acid polymerases.

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113.

List two essential roles of ribosome during translation.

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114.

Name the scientist who suggested that the genetic code should be made of a combination of three nucleotides.

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115.

Explain the basis on which he arrived at this conclusion.

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116.

Explain the process of DNA replication with the help of a schematic diagram.

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117.
In which phase of the cell cycle does replication occur in Eukaryotes? What would happen if cell-division is not followed after DNA replication?

DNA replication occurs in S phase of cell cycle in eukaryotes. If cell division is not followed after DNA replication then the replicated chromosomes (DNA) would not be distributed to daughter nuclei. A repeated replication of DNA without any cell division results in the accumulation of DNA inside the cell. This would increase the volume of the cell nucleus, thereby causing cell expansion.

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118.

Name the transcriptionally active region of chromatin in a nucleus.

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119.

A DNA segment has a total of 1000 nucleotides, out of which 240 of them are adenine containing nucleotides. How many pyrimidine bases this DNA segment possesses?

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