Define growth, differentiation, development, dedifferentiation,

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92.  Is growth measureable ? What are its parameters ?
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94. Name the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that control growth ?
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95. Why is abscisic acid also known as stress hormone ?
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96. List five main groups of natural plant growth regulators. Write a note on physiological functions and agricultural/horticultural/application of any one of them.
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97. Define growth, differentiation, development, dedifferentiation, redifferentiation, determinate growth, meristem and growth rate.


Growth : Growth may be defined as permanent or irreversible change in the size of a cell, organ or whole organism usually accompanied by an increase in dry weight.

Differentiation : Differentiation is the process whereby cells undergo few to major structural changes that lead to the maturation. The cells mature to perform specialized functions. 

Development: Development includes all the series of changes which an organism goes through during its life cycle.

Dedifferentiation : It is the process by which the living differentiated cells which had lost the capacity to divide regain  the capacity to divide under certain conditions.

Redifferentiation : Redifferentiation is defined as maturation or differentiation of dedifferentiated tissues.

Determination growth . The ability of a cell, tissue or the organism to grow for a limited period is called determinate growth.

Meristem : Meristem is a group of cells which have power of division and add new cells to the body.

Growth rate : It is the increased growth per unit time.

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98. Why is not any one parameter good enough to demonstrate growth throughout the life of a flowering plant?
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99.  “Both a short day plant and a long day plant can produce flower simultaneously in a given place.” Explain.
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100.

Which one of the plant growth regulators would you use if you are asked to :

(a) Induce rooting in a twig
(b) quickly ripen a fruit
(c) delay leaf senescence
(d) induce growth in axilliary buds
(e) ‘bolt’ a rosestte plant.
(f) induce immediate stomatal closure in leaves.

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