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Reproduction in Organisms

Short Answer Type

41. Name the three phases in the life span of an organism.

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42. Why do internodal segments of sugarcane fail to propagate vegetatively even when they are in contact with damp soil ?

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Long Answer Type

43. Define
(i) Juvenile phase
(ii) Reproductive phase
(iii) Senescent phase.

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Short Answer Type

44. Explain the process of budding in yeast.

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45. Differentiate between a zoospore and a zygote.
Or

What is zoospore ?

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46. How does Bryophyllum plant propagate?
Or

Why do the new plants grow on Bryophyllum leaf ?

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Long Answer Type

47. Define external fertilization. Mention its disadvantages.

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48. Higher organisms have resorted to sexual reproduction inspite of its complexity. Why ?

Higher organisms have resorted to sexual reproduction inspite of its complexity because sexual reproduction provides many advantages. They are :

1. The fusion of gametes and genetic recombination, causes variations in the offsprings thus, also forms the raw material for evolution.

2. The offsprings adapt more comfortably and quickly to the changes in environmental conditions and the survival rate is high.

3. Any mutation or disease present in the parents may not appear in the progeny due to variation in genes.

4. Sexual reproduction plays an important role in the origin of new species.

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Short Answer Type

49. What is a bisexual flower ? Collect five bisexual flowers from your neighbourhood and with the help of your teacher find out their common and scientific names.

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50. What are oviparous and viviparous animals ? Give one example of each.

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