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Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

Short Answer Type

121.

Why carboxylic acids have a higher boiling point than alcohols of same number of carbon atoms?

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122. Arrange the following compounds in order of increasing boiling point :
CH₃CH₂CH₂OH, CH₃COCH₃,CH₃CH₂COOH, CH₃OCH₂CH₃.

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123. Ethanoic acid has a molecular mass of 120 in the vapour state. Explain.

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124. Account for the fact that the C–O bond is shorter in RCOOH than in ROH.

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125. Why is carboxylic acid a stronger acid than alcohol?

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126. Account for the fact that chloroacetic acid has a lower pKa value than acetic acid.

The electron-withdrawing Cl group stabilizes the ClCH₂COO^- anion and increases the acidic strength. Hence, chloroacetic acid has a lower pKa value than acetic acid.

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127. Which is a stronger acid and why? Nitroacetic acid or chloroacetic acid?

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128. Write the structures of A and B in the following reactions:

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129. Which of the following reducing agents can reduce RCOOH → RCH₂OH?
NaBH₄, LiAlH₄, B₂H₆/H₃O⁺ Na/C₂H₅OH

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130.

Complete the following:

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