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Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

Short Answer Type

121.

Why carboxylic acids have a higher boiling point than alcohols of same number of carbon atoms?

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122. Arrange the following compounds in order of increasing boiling point :
CH₃CH₂CH₂OH, CH₃COCH₃,CH₃CH₂COOH, CH₃OCH₂CH₃.

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123. Ethanoic acid has a molecular mass of 120 in the vapour state. Explain.

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124. Account for the fact that the C–O bond is shorter in RCOOH than in ROH.

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125. Why is carboxylic acid a stronger acid than alcohol?

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126. Account for the fact that chloroacetic acid has a lower pKa value than acetic acid.

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127. Which is a stronger acid and why? Nitroacetic acid or chloroacetic acid?

Electron withdrawing group increase the acidity of carboxylic acid by stabilising conjugate base through delocalisation of the negative charge. Both nitro and chloro group are electron withdrawing group. O₂NCH₂COOH is a stronger acid than ClCH₂COOH because NO₂ is a stronger electron withdrawing group than Cl due to +ve charge on N.