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The p-Block Elements

Short Answer Type

541. Why is dioxygen a gas but sulphur a solid?

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542. What is the covalency of nitrogen in N₂O₅?

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543. Explain why both N and Bi do not form pentahalides while phosphorus does.

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544. What is the covalency of nitrogen in N₂O₅?

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545. Explain why both N and Bi do not form pentahalides while phosphorus does.

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546. Account for the following observations:
among the halogens, F₂, is the strongest oxidising agent?

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547. Account for the following observations:
fluorine exhibits only-1 oxidation state whereas other halogens exhibit positive oxidation states also.

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548. Account for the following observations:
acidity of oxo acid of chlorine is HOCl < HOCIO < HOClO₂ < HOClO₃

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549. How can you prepare Cl₂ from HCI and HCI from Cl₂?

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550. What inspired Neil Bartlett for carrying out reaction between Xe and Pt F₆?

Neil Bartlett found that platinum hexa-fluoride reacts with oxygen to form a solid ionic compound of the formula [O₂]⁺ [Pt F₆]^-O₂(g) + Pt F₆(g)→ O₂⁺ Pt F₆^–(s)
This reaction shows that Pt F₆ is a very strong oxidising agent which can attract electron even from molecular oxygen. Now since the ionization potentials of oxygen molecule (1182 kj mol^{– 1}) and Xenon atom (1170 kj mol^{– 1}) are comparable. Bartlett believed that if PtF₆ can oxidse can oxidise oxygen molecules, it should also be able to oxidise xenon atom.