How has the development of bioreactor helped in biotechnology?
Small volume cultures cannot yield appreciable quantities of products. To produce in large quantities, the development of bioreactors, where large volumes (100-100 litres) of culture can be processed, was required. Thus, bioreactors can be thought of as vessels in which raw material are biologically converted into specific products, individual enzymes, etc., using the microbial plant, animal or human cells.
Explain the roles of the following with the help of an example each in recombinant DNA technology:
(a) Restriction Enzymes
(b) Plasmids
Medically it is advised to all young mothers that breastfeedings is the best for their newborn babies. Do you agree? Give reasons in support of your answer.
Looking at the deteriorating air quality because of air pollution in many cities of the country, the citizens are very much worried and concerned about their health. The doctors have declared a health emergency in the cities where the air quality is very severely poor.
(a) Mention any two major causes of air pollution.
(b) Write the two harmful effects of air pollution on plants and humans.
(c) As a captain of your school Eco-club, suggest any two programmes you would plan to organise in the school so as to bring awareness among the students on how to check air pollution in and around the school