Short Answer TypeExplain the roles of the following with the help of an example each in recombinant DNA technology:
(a) Restriction Enzymes
(b) Plasmids
Differentiate between Parthenocarpy and Parthenogenesis. Give one example of each.
In most plants, flowers need to be pollinated and fertilized to produce fruits. However, some plants can produce fruits before fertilization or without fertilization. Parthenocarpy is the process which produces fruits from unfertilized ovules in plants. Unfertilized ovules develop into fruits prior to fertilization. These fruits do not contain seeds.
Parthenogenesis is a type of reproduction commonly shown in organisms mainly by some invertebrates and lower plants. It can be described as a process in which unfertilized ovum develops into an individual (virgin birth) without fertilization. Therefore, it can be considered as a method of asexual reproduction.
It is seen in organisms like rotifers, honeybees and even some lizards and birds (turkey). The key difference between parthenogenesis and parthenocarpy is, parthenogenesis is shown by animals and plants while pathenocarpy is shown only by plants.
Medically it is advised to all young mothers that breastfeedings is the best for their newborn babies. Do you agree? Give reasons in support of your answer.
Looking at the deteriorating air quality because of air pollution in many cities of the country, the citizens are very much worried and concerned about their health. The doctors have declared a health emergency in the cities where the air quality is very severely poor.
(a) Mention any two major causes of air pollution.
(b) Write the two harmful effects of air pollution on plants and humans.
(c) As a captain of your school Eco-club, suggest any two programmes you would plan to organise in the school so as to bring awareness among the students on how to check air pollution in and around the school
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