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# CBSE Physics 2012 Exam Questions

11.

Deduce the expression for the electrostatic energy stored in a capacitor of capacitance ‘C’ and having charge ‘Q’.

How will the (i) energy stored and (ii) the electric field inside the capacitor be affected when it is completely filled with a dielectric material of dielectric constant ‘K’?

When a capacitor is charged by a battery, work is done by the charging battery at the expense of its chemical energy. This work is stored in the capacitor in the form of electrostatic potential energy.

Consider a capacitor of capacitance C. Initial charge on capacitor is zero. Initial potential difference between capacitor plates =0. Let a charge Q be given to it in small steps. When charge is given to capacitor, the potential difference between its plates increases.

Potential difference between its plates, V= q/C

Work done to give an infinitesimal charge dq to the capacitor is given by,

If V is the final potential difference between capacitor plates, then Q = CV

Work is stored in the form of electrostatic potential energy.

Electrostatic potential energy, U =

When battery is disconnected,

i) Energy stored will decrease.

Energy becomes, U =

So, energy is reduced to 1/K times its initial energy.

i) In the presence of dielectric, electric field becomes, E =

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12.

How does the angular separation between fringes in single-slit diffraction experiment change when the distance of separation between the slit and screen is doubled?

Angular separation is given by,

Angular separation would remain same when the distance of separation between the slit and the screen is doubled.

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13.

Draw a labelled ray diagram of a reflecting telescope. Mention its two advantages over the refracting telescope

Advantages of reflecting telescope over refracting telescope:

(i) It is free from chromatic aberration.

(ii) Its resolving power is greater than refracting telescope due to larger aperture of mirror.

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14.

For the same value of angle incidence, the angles of refraction in three media A, B and C are 15°, 25° and 35° respectively. In which medium would the velocity of light be minimum?

As per Snell’s law we have,

For given i, v sin r
r is minimum in medium A, so velocity of light is minimum in medium A.

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15.

A circular coil of N turns and radius R carries a current I. It is unwound and rewound to make another coil of radius R/2, current I remaining the same. Calculate the ratio of the magnetic moments of the new coil and the original coil.

Length of the wire remains same,

Magnetic moment of a coil, m = NAI

For the coil of radius R, magnetic moment,

Magnetic moment for coil of radius R/2,

Therefore,

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16.

An object AB is kept in front of a concave mirror as shown in the figure.

(i) Complete the ray diagram showing the image formation of the object.

(ii) How will the position and intensity of the image be affected if the lower half of the mirror’s reflecting surface is painted black?

(i) Image formed will be inverted diminished between C and F.

ii) When the lower half of the mirror’s reflecting surface is painted black, the position of the image and its intensity will get reduced.

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17.

Define relaxation time of the free electrons drifting in a conductor. How is it related to the drift velocity of free electrons? Use this relation to deduce the expression for the electrical resistivity of the material.

The average time elapsed between two successive collisions is known as the relaxation time of free electrons drifting in a conductor.

Relation between  and vd is given by,

Consider a conductor of length ‘l’, area of cross-section A and current density n.

Current flowing through the conductor is given by,

Electric field applied across the ends is given by, E = V/l

So current flowing through the conductor becomes,

Then,

Using ohm's law, we get

Therefore,

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18.

A proton and an electron have same kinetic energy. Which one has greater de-Broglie wavelength and why?

As per De-broglies formula,

Kinetic energy of proton is equal to kinetic energy of proton.

Since, mass of proton > mass of electron,

This implies,

That is, wavelength of electron is greater than the wavelength of proton.

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19.

Calculate the value of the resistance R in the circuit shown in the figure so that the current in the circuit is 0.2 A. What would be the potential difference between points B and E?

We have,

Effective resistance between B and E is,

On applying Kirchoff's law, we have

Hence,

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20.

A series LCR circuit is connected to an ac source. Using the phasor diagram, derive the expression for the impedance of the circuit. Plot a graph to show the variation of current with frequency of the source, explaining the nature of its variation.

Suppose a resistance R, inductance L and capacitance C connected in series.

An alternating source of voltage V = Vo sin t is applied across it. Since all the components are connected in series, the current flowing through all is same.

Voltage across resistance R is VR, voltage across inductance L is VL and voltage across capacitance C is VC.

VR and (VC -VL) are mutually perpendicular and the phase difference between them is 90°.

From the figure above, we have

and

The phase difference between current and voltage is given by,

From the graph, we can see that with increase in frequency, current first increases and then decreases. At resonant frequency, current amplitude is maximum.

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