Short Answer TypeStudy the cartoon given below and answer the following questions :
i. Identify any four national leaders from the above cartoon and mention the serial number of each.
ii. Which was the most controversial issue of the period related to leader No.2 as Prime Minister of India ?
iii. What was the position of the party led by leader No.1 in the Lok Sabha elections of 1989 ?
Long Answer TypeHighlight any three positive and three negative features each of the Soviet System in the Soviet Union.
OR
How far it is correct to say the international alliances during the Cold War era were determined by the requirements of the superpowers and the calculations of the smaller states ? Explain.
Positive features:
i. Soviet System was more developed than rest of the world except U.S.A.
ii. Minimum standard of living was insured for all the citizens
iii. The Govt. subsidized the basic needs including health, education etc.
iv. There was no unemployment.
Negative features:
i. System was very bureaucratic and authoritarian.
ii. Lack of democracy and absence of freedom in many fields.
iii. There was only one party system.
iv. The party did not recognize the aspirations and feelings of people
OR
The smaller states were helpful for the superpowers in gaining access to
(i) vital resources, such as oil and minerals,
(ii) territory, from where the superpowers could launch their weapons and troops,
(iii) locations from where they could spy on each other, and
(iv) economic support, in that many small allies together could help pay for military expenses.
They were also important for ideological reasons. The loyalty of allies suggested that the superpowers were winning the war of ideas as well, that liberal democracy and capitalism were better than socialism and communism, or vice versa.
Analyse the three different views within India about the type of relationship India should have with the United States of America.
OR
Evaluate any three major factors responsible for making the European Union a political force from being an economic force.
Describe any three international challenging issues that can only be dealt with when all the countries work together.
OR
What is meant by traditional notion of external security ? Describe any two components of this type of security.
The accommodation of regional demands and the formation of linguistic states were also seen as more democratic. Justify the statement with any three suitable arguments.
OR
Examine the different areas of agreement and disagreement with respect to the model of economic development to be adopted in India after independence.
Analyse the circumstances that favoured Indira Gandhi to become Prime Minister after the death of Lal Bahadur Shastri. Mention any four achievements of Indira Gandhi that made her popular as a Prime Minister.
OR
Analyse the circumstances responsible for the declaration of a state of emergency in India on 25th June, 1975.
Describe any six factors which made the farmers’ movement run by Bharatiya Kisan Union as the most successful popular movement.
OR
Which three lessons do we learn from regional aspirations and their accommodation as an integral part of democratic politics ? Describe.
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