Short Answer Type
Long Answer TypeWhat is the meaning of assessment? Describe the key features of any two methods used for psychological assessment.
Discuss how the interplay of nature and nurture influences intelligence. Distinguish between culture-fair and culture-based tests.
Explain mental disorders from the perspective of any two psychological models.
Mental disorders can be explained from the perspective of the following psychological models:
Psychodynamic model: This model states that abnormal behaviour results from an interplay of psychological forces within a person of which she/he is not aware. These internal forces are dynamic and interaction of these forces gives shape to behaviour, thoughts and emotions. The conflict between these forces results in abnormal behaviour. This model was first proposed by trend who said that the three central forces, viz, instinctual needs, drives and impulsed (id), rational thinking (ego), and moral standards (superego) shape personality.
Cognitive model: This model states that abnormal behaviour is the result of cognitive problems. This is because people might hold assumptions and attitudes about themselves that are irrational and inaccurate. Additionally, people at times make overgeneralisations and draw sweeping negative conclusions on the basis of a single insignificant event.
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