The given question can be illustrated as in the following fig. below.
Here,
AO = incident path of the ball,
OB = Path followed by ball after deflection,
< AOB = Angle between the incident and deflected paths of the ball = 45o
Therefore,
∠AOP = ∠BOP = 22.5° = θ
Initial velocity of the ball = Final velocity of the ball = v
On resolving the component of velocity along v, we have
Horizontal component of the initial velocity = vcos θ, along RO
Vertical component of the initial velocity = vsin θ, along PO
Horizontal component of the final velocity = vcos θ, along OS
Vertical component of the final velocity = v sin θ, along OP
The horizontal components of velocities suffer no change.
The vertical components of velocities are in the opposite directions.
So, change in linear momentum of the ball gives us the impulse which is imparted to the ball.
That is,
Impulse = mvCosθ - (-mvCosθ)
= 2mvCosθ
Mass of the ball, m = 0.15 kg
Velocity of the ball, v = 54 km/h
= 15 m/s
Therefore,
Impulse = 2 x 0.15 x 15 cos 22.5o
= 4.16 kg m/s
A stone of mass 0.25 kg tied to the end of a string is whirled round in a circle of radius 1.5 m with a speed of 40 rev./min in a horizontal plane. What is the tension in the string? What is the maximum speed with which the stone can be whirled around if the string can withstand a maximum tension of 200 N?