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Underline the correct alternative:
(c) The rate of change of total momentum of a many-particle system is proportional to the external force/sum of the internal forces on the system.

External force

Internal forces cannot produce any change in the total momentum of a body, irrespective of the direction. Hence, the total momentum of a many- particle system is proportional to the external forces acting on the system. 
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A body constrained to move along the z-axis of a coordinate system is subject to a constant force F given by space space space space space space space F with rightwards arrow on top space equals space minus i with hat on top plus 2 j with hat on top plus 3 k with hat on top straight N. 
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#6 {main}</pre> are unit vectors along the x-, y- and z-axis of the system respectively.
What is the work done by this force in moving the body a distance of 4 m along the z-axis?
                 


The force acting on the body is,

       

As the body is constrained to move along z-axis, therefore the displacement of the body is,

                   

Now the work done by the force is,

         

             

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Underline the correct alternative:

(d) In an inelastic collision of two bodies, the quantities which do not change after the collision are the total kinetic energy/total linear momentum/total energy of the system of two bodies. 


Total linear momentum

The total linear momentum always remains conserved, whether it is an elastic collision or an inelastic collision. 
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An electron and a proton are detected in a cosmic ray experiment, the first with kinetic
energy 10 keV, and the second with 100 keV. Which is faster, the electron or the
proton ? Obtain the ratio of their speeds. (electron mass = 9.11×10-31 kg, proton mass
= 1.67×10–27 kg, 1 eV = 1.60 ×10–19 J).


Given that,

Kinetic energy,  

                           

K.E of proton,  

                         

K.E is given by, 

              

             
∴ ratio of their speed is given by,
                    

        = 13.54 

Thus electron is faster than proton by a magnitude of 13.54. 

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A molecule in a gas container hits a horizontal wall with speed 200 m/s at angle 30° with normal and rebounds with same speed. Is momentum of molecule conserved in the collision? Is the collision elastic or inelastic? 



Since momentum is a vector quantity, therefore, though its magnitude

Since momentum is a vector quantity, therefore, though its magnitude remains constant, if its direction changes, the momentum will change. Because after collision the direction of motion and hence momentum changes, therefore, momentum of molecule will not remain conserved.
Since the speed of molecule remains constant, hence its kinetic energy remains conserved. Therefore collision is elastic.

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