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    Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers
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    Give the equations of reaction for the preparation of phenol from cumene.

    Cumene is oxidised into cumene hydro peroxide by air at high pressure which on decomposition by aqueous acid gives phenol and acetone.




    The cumene required in the above reaction is prepared from benzene and propene by Friedel-crafts reaction.
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    Write chemical reaction of preparation of phenol from chlorobenzene.

    Chlorobenzene is heated with 6 to 8% solution of NaOH to about 623 K under a pressure of 300 atmospheres to form sodium phenate which upon acidification with dilute HCl gives phenol as follows:
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    Give the structures and IUPAC names of monohydric phenols of molecular formula, C7H8O. 

    Three monohydric phenols are possible which have molecular formula C7H8O. These are:
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    You are given benzene, conc. H2SO4 and NaOH. Write the equations for the preparation of phenol. Write the equations for the preparation of phenol using these reagents.
    Benzene is heated with conc. H2SO4 for a long time and then treated with NaOH. Sodium benzene sulphate, C6H5SO3Na formed is again strongly heated with NaOH at 575 K to give phenol. The reactions are,
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    Write the mechanism of hydration of ethene to yield ethanol.

    The mechanism  of the reaction involves the following three step:

    Step 1: Proptonation of ethene to form carbocation by electrophilic attack of H3O+.



    Step 2: Nucleophilic attack of water on carbocation.



    Step 3: Deprotonation to form an ethanol.

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