Short Answer TypeWith the help of any two suitable examples explain the effect of anthropogenic actions on organic evolution.
Two examples that explain the effect of anthropogenic actions on organic evolutions are:
(i) Industrial melanism: It was due to the industrialization. The smoke and soot coming out of industries caused the bark of the trees to become darker and so dark-coloured moths were selected over the white-coloured moths.
(ii) Excessive use of herbicides and pesticides has resulted in selection of resistant varieties in very short time span.
(a) Why is human ABO blood group gene considered a good example of multiple alleles?
(b) Work out a cross up to F1 generation only, between a mother with blood group A (Homozygous) and the father with blood group B (Homozygous). Explain the pattern of inheritance exhibited.
Describe the structure of a RNA polynucleotide chain having four different types of nucleotides.
Differentiate between inbreeding and outbreeding in cattle. State one advantage and one disadvantage for each one of them.
(a) Why are the fruit juices bought from market clearer as compared to those made at home?
(b) Name the bioactive molecules produced by Trichoderma polysporum and Monascus purpureus.
(a) Why are transgenic animals so called?
(b) Explain the role of transgenic animals in
(i) Vaccine safety
(ii) Biological products with the help of an example each.
Explain mutualism with the help of any two examples. How is it different from commensalism?
Long Answer Type(a) Draw a diagrammatic sectional view of a mature anatropous ovule and label the following parts in it:
(i) that develops into seed coat.
(ii) that develops into an embryo after fertilization.
(iii) that develops into an endosperm in an albuminous seed.
(iv) through which the pollen tube grains entry into the embryo sac.
(v) that attaches the ovule to the placenta.
(b) Describe the characteristic features of wind pollinated flowers.
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