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Cell Cycle and Cell Division

Short Answer Type

41. Name the stage of cell cycle at which one of the following events occur.

1. Chromosomes are moved to spindle equator.

2. Centromere splits and chromatids separate.

3. Pairing between homologous chromosomes takes place.

4. Crossing over between homologous chromosomes takes place.

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42. Describe the following

1. Synapsis
2. Bivalent
3. Chiasmata.

Draw diagrams to illustrate your answer.

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43.

Discuss with your teacher about.

1. haploid insects and lower plants where cell division occurs, and

2. Some haploid cells in higher plants where cell division does not occur.

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44. Find examples where the four daughter cells from meiosis are equal in size and where they are found unequal in size.

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45. Analyse the events during every stage of cell cycle and notice how the following two parameters change.

1. Number of chromosomes per cell.

2. Amount of DNA content (C) per cell.

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Long Answer Type

46. List the main differences between meiosis and mitosis.

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47. Describe the events taking place during interphase.

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Short Answer Type

48. What is G₀ (quiescent phase) of cell cycle?

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49. Why is mitosis called equational division?

Mitosis is the process of cell division where there is an equal distribution of the chromosomes between the daughter cells. The chromosome number in each daughter cell is equal to that in the parent cell, i.e., diploid. Therefore as the chromosome number is maintained thus, mitosis is known as equational division.

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50. Distinguish anaphase of mitosis and anaphase I of meiosis.

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