Long Answer TypeIt is often said that the pyramid of energy is always upright. On the other hand, the pyramid of biomass can be both upright and inverted. Explain with the help of examples and sketches.
Short Answer TypeConstruct an age pyramid which reflects an expanding growth status of human population.
State the function of a reservoir in a nutrient cycle. Explain the simplified model of carbon cycle in nature.
Long Answer Type(a) Explain the significance of ecological pyramids with the help of an example.
(b) Why are the pyramids referred to as upright or inverted?Short Answer TypeLong Answer Type(a) Taking an example of a small pond explain how the four components of an ecosystem function as a unit.
(b) Name the type of food chain that exists in a pond.
Short Answer TypeIn in a food-chain, a trophic level represents a functional level, not a species. Explain.
Write a difference between net primary productivity and gross productivity.
| Gross primary productivity | Net primary productivity |
| It is the amount of organic matter synthesised by producers per unit area in unit time. | It is the amount of organic matter stored by producers per unit area in unit time. |
| It refers to the total productivity including energy utilised for respiration by the producers. | It refers to the net productivity that is converted to organic matter excluding the energy utilised for respiration by the producers . |
Long Answer TypeDiscuss the role of healthy ecosystem services as a prerequisite for a wide range of economic, environmental and aesthetic goods and services.
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