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Evolution

Short Answer Type

91. Try to trace the components of human evolution.

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Long Answer Type

92. Briefly state the major theories of origin of life. Which one of them has scientific basis ?

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93. State the hypothesis of Oparin and Haldane about the primeval earth condition. What do you understand by Haldane’s hot, dilute soup ? State its significance.

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94.

Summarise Miller's simulation experiment for organic synthesis. Comment on its efficacy.

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95.

Using internet and discussing with your teacher, trace the evolutionary stages of any one animal say horse.

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Short Answer Type

96. What is variation ? Name the basic processes that cause variation among organisms. Discuss the role of migration in evolution.

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Long Answer Type

97.
Define genetic drift, founder effect and genetic bottleneck?

Genetic drift. Random change occurring in the allele frequency by chance alone are called genetic drift.

Founder effect. When a population gets separated from the existing population, it becomes the founder of new population. This is called the founder effect which is the result of genetic drift i.e. by chance.

Genetic bottleneck. When in a season the one population died leaving few individuals of the population which become the founder of new population then it will produce only few genes by selection only i.e. by chance new population is emerged and it is similar to a bottle in which only certain population is allowed to flow as in neck of bottle.

Bottleneck effect

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