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Microbes in Human Welfare

Short Answer Type

101.

Name the two different categories of microbes naturally occurring in sewage water. Explain their role in cleaning sewage water into usable water.

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102. Write the scientific name of the microbe used for fermenting malted cereals and fruit juices.

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103.

Study the graph given below. Explain how oxygen concentration is affected in the river when sewage is discharged into it.

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104.

The diagram above is that of a typical biogas plant. Explain the seQ uence of events occurring in a biogas plant. Identify a, b and c.

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105.

Explain the different steps involved during primary treatment phase of sewage.

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106. State the medicinal value and the bioactive molecules produced by Streptococcus, Monascus and Trichoderma.

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107.
What are methanogens ? How do they help to generate biogas?

Methanogens are bacteria which grow on cellulosic material and produce a large amount of methane along with CO₂ and H_2.For example: Methanobacterium
Methanogens are the bacteria found in cattle dung (gobar) and in anaerobic sludge during sewage treatment. They grow anaerobically on cellulosic material and produce a large amount of methane (the main constituent of biogas) along with CO₂and H₂. These methanogens are grown on slurry which comprises of cattle dung where they act upon the dung and lead to its breakdown and release of gases like methane and carbon-dioxide. Thus, methanogens are used in biogas production.

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