Short Answer Type(a) What do 'Y' and 'B' stand for in 'YAC' and 'BAC' used in Human Genome Project (HGP). Mention their role in the project.
(b) Write the percentage of the total human genome that codes for proteins and the percentage of discovered genes whose functions are known as observed during HGP.
(c) Expand 'SNPs' identified by scientists in HGP.
(a) Y stands for Yeast in YAC (Yeast artificial chromosome) and
B stands for Bacteria in BAC (Bacterial artificial chromosome)
YAC and BAC are used as vectors in the Human genome project.
(b) Less than 2% of the genome codes for proteins. 21.4% is discovered genes whose functions are known as observed during HGP.
(c) SNP stands for Single Nucleotide Polymorphism.
Long Answer Type(a) Name the stage in the cell cycle where DNA replication occurs.
(b) Explain the mechanism of DNA replication. Highlight the role of enzymes in the process.
(c) Why is DNA replication said to be semiconservative ?
Short Answer TypeDescribe the experiment that helped demonstrate the semi-conservative mode of DNA replication
Long Answer Type(a) How are the following formed and involved in DNA packaging in a nucleus of a cell?
(b) Differentiate between Euchromatin and Heterochromatin
Short Answer TypeA. Name the enzyme that catalyses the transcription of hnRNA.
B. Why does the hnRNA need to undergo changes ? List the changes hnRNA undergoes and where in the cell such changes take place.
Unambiguous, universal and degenerate are some of the terms used for the genetic code. Explain the salient features of each one of them.
A number of passengers were severely burnt beyond recognition during a train accident. Name and describe a modern technique that can help hand over the dead to their relatives.
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