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i) Ethanol react with ethanoic anhydride to form esters. CH 3 CH 2 OH+ (CH 3 CO) 2 O → CH 3 OCOC 2 H 5 ii) When ethanol react with ethanol chloride in the presence of pyridine, it also form esters. CH 3 CH 2 OH +CH 3 COCl → CH 3 OCOC 2 H 5

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Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers

Short Answer Type

71. Arrange the following compounds in increasing order of boiling point and account for the order:
(a) 1-pentanol, (b) 2-methyl-2-butanol, (c) 3-methyl-butanol-2.

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72.

Why is ethanol less acidic than water?

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73.

Compare the acidity of Cl—CH₂ CH₂OH and CH₃CH₂OH. Explain.

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74.

Arrange the following in order of decreasing basic strength:
(CH₃)₃(CO^–, CH₃O^–, (CH₃)₂CHO^–

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75.

Compare and explain the relative Bronsted basicities of 1°, 2° and 3° alcohols in the liquid state.

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76.

Give one example of a reaction to show that alcohol acts as a Bronsted base.

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77.

What happens when ethanol reacts with Na metal? Name the products formed.

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78.

Arrange the following alcohols in order of increasing reactivity towards Na metal:

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79.

Explain why sodium (Na) may be used to remove the last trates of H₂O from benzene but not from ethanol?

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80.
Give the major product of the reaction of ethanol with:
(i) Ethanoic anhydride (CH₃CO)₂O.
(ii) Ethanol chloride in the presence of pyridine.

i) Ethanol react with ethanoic anhydride to form esters.

CH₃CH₂OH+ (CH₃CO)₂O → CH₃OCOC₂H₅
ii) When ethanol react with ethanol chloride in the presence of pyridine, it also form esters.

CH₃CH₂OH +CH₃COCl → CH₃OCOC₂H₅