Write chemical reaction of preparation of phenol from chlorobenzene.
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Long Answer Type
242.
Write the mechanism of hydration of ethene to yield ethanol.
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Short Answer Type
243.You are given benzene, conc. H2SO4 and NaOH. Write the equations for the preparation of phenol. Write the equations for the preparation of phenol using these reagents.
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244.Show how will you synthesize:
1-phenylethanol from a suitable alkene.
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245.Show how will you synthesize: cyclohexylethanol using an alkyl halide by an SN2 reaction.
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246.Show how will you synthesize: Pentan-1-ol using a suitable alkyl halide?
Give two reactions that show the acidic nature of phenol. Compare acidity of phenol with that of control?
(i) Reaction with active metals: Phenol reacts with active metals like Na, K, etc. and H2 is evolved.
(ii) Reaction with alkalies: Phenol neutralises the caustic alkalies such as NaOH or KOH to form salt and water.
Phenol shows a considerable acidic character as compared to that of ethanol. It is because of structural difference in C6H5 and C2H5 parts of the two molecules.
Oxygen connected to sp3 hybridized C atom which is less electronegative and has electron repelling nature. This makes —O—H bond less polar and release of H becomes more difficult. Alkoxide ion formed is not stabilized by resonance.
Oxygen atom connected to sp2 hybridized C atom of benzene ring which is more electro negative than sp3 hybridized carbon atom. This makes O—H bond more polar and H is released easily. Penoxide ion formed is stabilised by resonance.
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Short Answer Type
248.Explain how does the —OH group attached to a carbon of benzene ring activate it towards electrophilic substitution?
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249.Give equations of the following reactions: Oxidation of propan-1-ol with alkaline KMnO4 solution.
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