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Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids

Short Answer Type

181. The boiling points of carbonyl compounds are higher than the non-polar alkanes but lower than that of alcohols of comparable molecular mass. Give reasons.

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182. How will you obtain aldehydes from primary alcohols?

Preparation of aldehydes from primary alcohols:
(i) By the oxidation of alcohols: An aldehyde is prepared when a primary alcohol is oxidised by acidified potassium dichromate under controlled conditions.

(ii) By catalytic dehydrogenation of alcohol: By passing vapours of a primary alcohol over hot reduced copper at 573 K, we get an aldehyde.