Where does a body weigh more - at the surface of the earth or at the surface of moon?
The body weighs more on the surface of the earth because acceleration due to gravity at the surface of the earth is greater than that on the surface of the moon.
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State Newton’s law of gravitation.
This law states that everybody in this universe attracts every other body with a force which is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them, i.e.
∴
or where G is constant of proportionality known as gravitational constant.
Therefore, gravitational constant is equal to the force between two bodies, each of mass 1 kg when their centres of mass are separated 1 metre apart.
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What are the units and dimensions of G?
According to Newton’s law of gravitation,
Dimensional formula of G is,
SI units of G is Nm2/kg2 or m3/kg/sec2
CGS units of G is dyne cm2/gm2 or cm3/gm/sec2.
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According to Newton’s law of gravitation everybody in this universe attracts every other body. But we do not see bodies on the surface of the earth moving towards one another on account of this interaction. Why?
According to Newton’s law of gravitation, In this equation G = 6.67x10-11 Nm2/kg2. Since the masses of two ordinary bodies on the surface of the earth is small i.e. of the order of 102 kg, therefore, the force of attraction between two bodies, each of mass 100 kg separated by 1m, is of the order of 10-6N which is too small to overcome the force of friction between the body and the surface. That is why we do not see the bodies on the surface of the earth moving towards each other.
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