Short Answer TypeExplain enzyme-replacement therapy to treat adenosine deaminase deficiency. Mention two disadvantages of this procedure.
(a) Why must a cell be made 'competent' in biotechnology experiments ? How does
calcium ion help in doing so ?
(b) State the role of 'biolistic gun' in biotechnology experiments.
What is a GMO? List any five possible advantages of a GMO is a farmer.
A genetically modified organism (GMO) is a living organism whose genes have been altered by biotechnological manipulation.
i. GMO are free from the diseases, resistant to pest or insects and thus reduce the dependency on chemical fertilisers or pesticides.
ii. GMO crops are more tolerant to abiotic stress, which can be in the form of cold, drought, heat or salt.
iii. The crops have a high yield and high nutritional value.
iv. It reduces post-harvest losses.
v. It increases the efficiency of mineral usage by plants and prevents early exhaustion of soil.
How has RNAi technique helped to prevent the infestation of roots in tobacco plants by a nematode Meloidegyne incognita?
Biotechnologists refer to Agrobacterium tumifaciens as a natural genetic engineer of plants. Give reasons to support the statement.
Scientists have succeeded in recovering healthy sugarcane plants from a diseased one.
1. Name the part of the plant used as explant by the scientists.
2. Describe the procedure the scientists followed to recover the healthy plants.
3. Name this technology used for crop improvement.
How does the application of the fungal genus, Glomus, to the agricultural farm increase the farm output?
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